Fuel-oil burner



Jung 8 1926.

E. O. LINTON FUEL OIL BURNER Filed March 19, 1923 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 INVE Y VTOR: M (a June 8 1926. 1 1,588,388

E. o. LINTON FUEL OIL BURNER Filed March 19, 1923 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 wy- 1777777777777fi7777f/ INVENTOR:

j I A4 Alla/wav Gil Patented June 8, 1926.

UNITED STATES PATEJNTTF'OFFICEV.

ERNEST ORIN LINTON, OF HAMMOND, INDIANA, ASSIGrNOIR; TO CALUMET ENGINEER- INGOORIORATION, OF EAST CHICAGO, INDIANA, A CORPORATION OF INDIANA.

FUEL-OIL BURNER.

Application filed March 19, 1923. Serial No. 626,150.

This invention relates to liquid fuel or fuel oil burners particularly designed and adapted for the production of very high temperatures wherever required such as for instance in steel, brass and other metalworking furnaces, reheating furnaces and the like. The invention relates further to a novel process of burning liquid fuels such as heavy hydrocarbon or petroleum oils, tar and the like. v

One form of burner embodying my in vention is illustrated in the accompanying drawings and the invention is described in connection therewith, it being understood however that the invention is not limited to the specific details described and illustrated.

On the drawings- Fig. 1 is a plan view of a completeburner with parts broken away in cooperative relation with a tuyere shown in section taken on line 11, Fig. 2, and abroken section of the furnace wall. I ig. 2 is an elevation of the complete burner in cooperative relation with the tuyere and a broken section of the furnace wall.

Fig. 3 is a vertical cross-section of the burner on the line 33 of Fig. 2, looking in the direction of the arrows.

Fig. 4 is a vertical cross-section on the line ;4-4- ofFig. 2 looking in the direction of.

the arrows. p

Fig. 5 is a section throughthe muffler showing also the air mixing tubev of the burner. V V v Fig. 6 is a sectional view oil connections. e V h Fig. 7 is a broken section of the burner of the steam and atlthe nozzle end ofthe oil lead-in pipeon.

the line 77 of Fig. 8, the oil pipe being shown in elevation, and V Fig. 8 is a vertical sect-ion on the line 8-8 of Figs. 1 and 7 looking in the direction of the arrows. I

The burner is designed to form by its own operation a highly heated combustible gas mixture from steam and fuel oil. To this end fuel oil and steam are separately supplied to conduits forminga part of the burner in which both the steam and oil are highly heated by heat from the burner flame and the resulting oil andsteam are mixed and conducted through a single conduit forming a part of the burner in which the mixture is further heated by heat derived from the burner flame. The result is a supply piped. At about the source of the burner flame the steam lead-in pipe 3 is connected with the steam superheating pipe 5. inthe steam 'superheating pipe 5 to a point adjacent the forward end thereof terminat-Y ing therein ina nozzle or'jet 6. e The pipe 2' is supported concentrically within the pipe 5 by one or more spiders 7 As is illustrated The oil lead-inpipe 2 extends forwardly the forward end of the pipe 2 is screw threaded into a central opening in the spider 7.-: The steam superheatingpipe 5 is connected through the 180 return bend 8 to the oil vaporizingand mixing. pipe 9, said, pipe 9 extending backwardly parallelto the pipe 5 to a point adjacent to the source of the burnerflame where it connects with the mixture feed pipe 10 leading to theburner jet or nozzle 11. The steam superheating pipe 5 and the oil vaporizing and mixing pipe 9 are of relatively large size as compared with the oil and steam supply pipes 1 and 4: and the mixture feed pipe 10. This isto provide for a sufliciently-slow passage of the steam through-,.the pipe 5 so that it will be superheated to the desired extent, and for a sufficiently slow passage of the oil vaporand steam mixture through the pipe 9 so that the desired vaporizing and cracking of the oil and reaction between the oil and steam will take place.

In order to provide for the cleaning'of the pipes 9 and lO -the pipe 10 is connected tothe burner nozzle 11 through a T 12, having the. plug 13 in alignment with the pipes 9 and 10. In like manner provison is made for the cleaning of the pipes 3 and 5. and for the removal and replacement of the pipe 2 by means of the reducing plug 14 through which the oil supply pipe 1 and the oil lead-in pipe 2 are connected. The burner. nozzle 11 discharges into the air mixing tube 15 which lies betweenv the pipes 5 and 9 and is open at both ends, the front-end being the source of the flame, while the rear end is connected with the air mufller 16. Surrounding the air mixing tube 15 and concentric therewith about the middle there0f is the supporting and auxiliary air inlet p1pel7,

The pipe 17 is held in place on the tube 15 1 as illustrated see (Figs. 1-, 2, and 8) by set screws 18. p

The structure described above constitutes the burner proper, the whole being designed as a unit, although as is apparent the several parts are detachable. The burner maybe supported in any suitable manner, but is particularly designed as heretofore stated for use in furnaces, in which case it should be mounted in atuyere. The tuyere may be simply an opening in the furnace wall and.

the burner supported therein in any suitable manner, For best operation however the size of the tuyere opening, relative to the size of the burner, should be about as illusa tube 19 of slightly greater internal diameter than the sum of the external diameters of the three pipes 5, 9 and 15 and adapted to fit snugly in an opening in the furnace wall '20." The tuyere tube 19 has a shoulder 21 adapted to bear against the inner face of the furnace wall 20 and an arm 22 which carries the set screws 23 adaptedto be tightened against the outer face of the furnace wall. Within the tuyere tube 19 (see Figs. 8 and; 4) are oppositely disposed pairs of shoulders 24 forming. channels 25 for receiving the pipes 5 and 9 of the burner. The end of the tuyere tube 19 which projects outside of the furnace wall 20 carries set screws '26 adapted to bear against the auxiliary air inlet pipe 17. The burner is thus supported and positioned within the tuyere by the shouldersQt and the set screws 26.

The burner is operated as follows:

Fuel oil, particularly the heavier grades, or tar preheated to a freely fluent condition is supplied to the pipe 1 and steam, preferably superheated to avoid condensation, ,is supplied to the pipe 4. The steam and oil should be supplied under pressure not only to provide the desired rate of flow but also to provide for the desired atomizing action at the jet 6 of the oil lead-in pipe 2. Suitable pressures are from 100 to 150 pounds perv square inch for the steam and a lower pressure for the oil, say 80 pounds per square inch, The relative rate of supply of oil and steam preferably is about 5 parts by Weight of steam to one part by weight of oil,'although these proportions may be varied as desired within a wide range. lVithin the pipe 5 the steam is highly superheated by the flame of the burner, reaching a temperature of say 1500 'to 1800 F. or higher and the oil in the pipe 2 is also heated to its the mixture of steam and oil vapor to a high temperature both the oil and the steam apparently decompose or crack and interact with each other, giving a highly heated spe cial combustible gas mixture containing a relatively high proportion of unsaturated hydrocarbons including ethylene, which when mixed with air or oxygen and burned gives a clean flame having a temperature in the neighborhood of 4000 to 4300' F. This gas mixture formed in the pipe 9 passes by Way of the pipe 10 to the burner jet 11 where it is delivered into the air mixing tube 15. The force of the stream of fuel issuing through the jet. 11 into'the mixing tube 15 draws air into tube 15 through the muffler 16. The. muffler 16 eliminates to a great degree the loud roar that ordinarily accompanies the operation of burners oper-' ating under a high pressure blast, In the tube 15 the fuel and air mix together and issue through the end of tube15 where they burn, giving a very hot non-luminous flame.

Additional air is supplied to the flame through the supporting and auxiliary air inlet pipe 17 and still a further quantity of air is supplied to the flame through the tuyere tube 19. The aspirating action of the gas discharged from the end' of the tube 15.

draws the auxiliary air through the pipe117 v and the tuyere 19 referred to. This auxiliary supply of air greatly assists the complete combustion of the fuel, thus increasing the quantity of heat derived from the fuel,

and also by completely burning the fuel decreases the quantity of smoke or soot which would otherwise be produced by the flame.

It will be noted that one feature of the operation of my burner is the preheating of special gaseous fuel by the heat treatment of the steam and hydrocarbon fuel supplied to the burner. Due to the heat treatment and gasification of the fuel intimate admixing of the fuel with air and quick and com plete combustion of the fuel with the pro duction of a very high temperature and a clean flame are made possible.

I claim:

1. A fuel oil burner comprising a U.- shaped conduit,'means for supplying steam to one'end of said U-shapedconduit, an oil conduit extending within one arm of said U-shaped conduit and discharging adjacent the return bend of said U-shaped conduit,

and a burner jet communicating with the other end ofsaid U-shaped conduit and 1ying between the two arms thereof,

2. A fuel oil burner comprising a steam superheating pipe, an oil lead-in pipe within said steam superheating pipe, an oil va-, porizing and IIllXlIlg pipe communicating superheating conduit, an oil lead-in conduit extending longitudinally within said steam superheating conduit, an oil vaporizing and mixing conduit communicating with said steam superheating conduit, said conduits 1ying in the path of the flame of the burner, a mixture feed pipe, an air mixing tube positioned to receive the fuel delivered by said mixture feed pipe, and an auxiliary air inlet pipe surrounding and spaced from said air mixing tube. p 7

' In testimony whereof, I affix my si nature.

ERNEST ORIN LINTON. 

